2%), followed by aqueous (74.8%), ethyl acetate (69.4%) and chloroform (59.7%) extract. On the other hand, in total antioxidant activity, the ethanol extract has shown 80.1% inhibition, followed by aqueous (71.9%), ethyl acetate (67.2%) and chloroform (53.2%) Selleck U0126 extracts. A single dose (5 mg kg-1, i.p.) of cisplatin was administrated to induce nephrotoxicity. Blood urea and serum creatinine were analysed as biochemical markers of nephrotoxicity. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and the product of lipid peroxidation (MDA)
were also measured in kidney tissues. A single dose of cisplatin resulted in significant reduction in body weight and increased the urea and creatinine levels. Extract administration has shown significant recovery in the levels of these biochemicals in curative (p 0.001) and protective groups, whereas
a single dose of cisplatin caused significant reduction in GSH and an increase in malondialdehyde production. Recovery was observed in treated groups. This study suggested that the nephroprotective and curative activities of M. dioica fruit extract are due to its antioxidant activity. It is further concluded that this antioxidant activity may be attributed to the phenolics, flavonoids and amino LY333531 TGF-beta/Smad inhibitor acids present in the extract.”
“Aims To evaluate the efficacy and safety of solifenacin 5?mg to treat voiding symptoms caused by idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) after a ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt operation. Methods A total of 53 patients diagnosed with iNPH and complaining of voiding symptoms were enrolled. Before treatment with solifenacin (V1), 4 (V2) and 12 (V3) weeks after starting solifenacin overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life (QoL) score, maximal urine flow rate (Qmax), voided volume, and post-voiding residual urine volume (PVR) were measured. An urodynamic study (UDS) was performed at V1 and V3, and
the safety of solifenacin was assessed at V1, V2, and V3. Results Of the 53 patients, 38 patients (71.70%) completed the 12-week clinical trial. The mean patient age was 52.24?+/-?10.08 years. OABSS and IPSS Galardin were significantly improved. The mean voided volume was 147.18?+/-?61.84?ml at V1 and 160.03?+/-?62.59?ml at V3 (P?<?0.001), and PVR was 64.87?+/-?41.11?ml at V1 and 69.05?+/-?39.54?ml at V3 (P?=?0.009). Of the 31 patients who underwent UDS, 26 patients (83.87%) had detrusor overactivity (DO) at V1, with a mean value of 107.67?+/-?18.13?ml. Of the 26 with DO at V1, 22 (84.62%) still had DO at V3. A mean DO of 131.66?+/-?15.27?ml was observed at V3 (P?<?0.001). The most common adverse effects was dry mouths. Conclusions Solifenacin is effective in the treatment of OABS in iNPH patients who underwent the V-P shunt operation. Solifenacin increases bladder capacity causing of DO at UDS. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:11751180, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.