(C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3467800]“
“Free-radical suspension polymerization was used to synthesize thermally expandable Citarinostat chemical structure microspheres (TEMS); in this process, a poly(acrylonitrile-co-methacrylonitrile) shell encapsulated isooctane. Different amounts of dimethacrylate, diacrylate, or divinyl ether functional crosslinker were added to investigate the effects on the crosslinking density of the polymer and the expansion properties of the TEMS. The optimum amount of crosslinker was found to be approximately 0.05-0.1 mol %. However, a significantly better expansion could be obtained with 1,4-butanediol
dimethacrylate as https://www.selleckchem.com/PD-1-PD-L1.html a crosslinker, compared to 1,4-butanediol divinyl ether or 1,4-butanediol diacrylate. From monitoring the conversion of monofunctional analogues by gas
chromatography, we suggest that the differences in expansion obtained with different crosslinkers, originated from the difference in the reactivity of the radicals in the system toward the vinyl functionalities of the crosslinkers. This regulated the incorporation of the crosslinker into the polymer and, thereby, the mechanical properties of the microsphere shell. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 118: 1219-1229, 2010″
“Chitosan-based carriers have important potential applications for the administration of drugs. In the present study, topical gel formulations of terbinafine hydrochloride (T-HCl) were prepared using different types of chitosan at different molecular weight, and the antifungal inhibitory activity was evaluated to suggest an effective formulation for the treatment of fungal infections. The characteristics of gel formulations were determined with viscosity measurements and texture profile analysis. Stability studies were performed at different temperatures during 3 months. ISRIB The ex vivo permeation properties were studied through rat skin by using Franz diffusion cells. The antifungal inhibitory activity of
formulations on Candida species and filamentous fungi was also examined with agar-cup method. The microbiological assay was found suitable for determination of in vitro antifungal activity of T-HCl. A marketed product was used to compare the results. The antifungal activity of T-HCl significantly increased when it was introduced into the chitosan gels. A higher drug release and the highest zone of inhibition were obtained from gels prepared with the lowest molecular weight chitosan (Protasan UP CL 213) compared to that of other chitosan gels and marketed product. These results indicated the advantages of the suggested formulations for topical antifungal therapy against Candida species and filamentous fungi.