Second, CFTR is the only ligand-gated channel that consumes its ligand (ATP) during the gating cycle-a consequence of its enzymatic activity as an ABC transporter. We discuss these special properties of CFTR in the context of its evolutionary history as an ABC transporter. Other topics include the mechanisms by which CFTR gating is regulated by phosphorylation of its unique regulatory domain and our current view of the CFTR permeation pathway (or pore). Understanding these basic operating principles of the CFTR channel is central to defining the mechanisms of action Torin 1 in vitro of prospective cystic fibrosis drugs and to the development of new, rational
treatment strategies.”
“Background: Including qualitative evidence on patients’ perspectives in systematic reviews of complex interventions may reveal reasons for variation in trial findings. This is particularly
the case when the intervention is for a long-term disease, as management may rely heavily on the efforts of the patient. Inclusion though seldom happens, possibly because of methodological challenges, and when it does occur the different forms of evidence are often kept separate. To explore heterogeneity in trial findings, we tested a ABT-263 chemical structure novel approach to integrate qualitative review evidence on patients’ perspectives with evidence from a Cochrane systematic review.
Methods: We used, as a framework for a matrix, evidence from a qualitative review on patients’ perspectives on helping them manage their disease. We then logged in the matrix whether the interventions identified in a Cochrane review corresponded with the patient perspectives on how to help
them. We then explored correspondence. The Cochrane review we used included 19 trials of interventions to improve adherence to therapy in HIV/AIDS patients. The qualitative review we used included 23 studies on HIV/AIDS patients’ perspectives on adherence; it translated the themes identified across the studies into recommendations SNX-5422 in how to help patients adhere. Both reviews assessed quality. In the qualitative review they found no difference in findings between the better quality studies and the weaker ones. In the Cochrane review they were unable to explore the impact of quality in subgroup analysis because so few studies were of good quality.
Results: Matrix tabulation of interventions and patients’ perspectives identified a range of priorities raised by people infected with HIV-1 that were not addressed in evaluated interventions. Tabulation of the more robust trials revealed that interventions that significantly improved adherence contained more components considered important by patients than interventions where no statistically significant effect was found.
Conclusions: This simple approach breaks new ground in cross tabulating qualitative evidence with the characteristics of trialled interventions.