2004). It is thus

important that health services identify the importance of difficult infant temperament, in particular Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Library concentration excessive infant crying, and make appropriate clinical interventions to prevent immediate harm and support the infant’s long-term developmental trajectory. The efficacy of early nurse home visiting for postnatal depression Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical has recently been confirmed (Morrell et al. 2009). Such programmes are yet to be extended to all communities. The findings from this study suggest that priority should be given to providing support to mothers during pregnancy and after childbirth. Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the contribution of the Child and Family Health nurses of the previous South Western Sydney Area Health Service (SWSAHS) for their efforts in the collection and maintenance of the IBIS database. Conflict of Interest None

declared.
In this report, we demonstrate that HRMRI with 3D image acquisition can visualize intracranial plaque in several planes with good spatial resolution. Small improvements in spatial Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical resolution are important Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical when imaging small structures like the basilar artery. We found that an available FLAIR sequence with resolution of 0.4 mm showed good visualization of the atherosclerotic wall, likely due to the suppression of CSF signal. Unlike in T1/PD-weighted VISTA images wherein the vessel wall remained visible in normal volunteers (Qiao et al. 2011), in our FLAIR images, a normal artery wall is essentially imperceptible (Fig. 1E), suggesting that FLAIR may be sensitive for detection of vascular wall pathology. Figure 1 HRMRI of basilar atherosclerosis (top row unmarked and bottom row marked). (A) MRA of stenosis (black arrow) and nonstenotic artery at level of the Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical pontine infarct (black dashed

line); (B) enhancement of artery at level of infarct (white arrow); (C) FLAIR … The patient’s pontine infarct was proximal to his basilar stenosis (Fig. 1A–D) and therefore not directly related to the basilar stenosis. However, at the level of the infarct, the artery wall enhanced consistent with neovascularization or “vulnerable” plaque (Kawahara et al. 2007) and on FLAIR, the artery wall was thickened. The sagittal FLAIR images reconstructed from the 3D acquisition showed wall thickening was variable. mafosfamide These characteristics suggest that atherosclerotic plaque may have overgrown the ostia of the perforating artery supplying the infarcted territory. Such instances of HR MRI identified nonstenotic plaque (defined as no measurable stenosis on MRA) have been associated with stroke due to occlusion of penetrating arteries (Klein et al. 2005, 2010; Li et al. 2009), similar to this case. At the stenosis (Fig. 2), the arterial wall was thickened on FLAIR with corresponding regions that were isointense on T1 and hypointense on T2, consistent with lipid in extracranial carotid HRMRI (Trivedi et al. 2004).