Experimental studies showed that increased CSE1L expression in cancer cells was unable to enhance cancer cell proliferation. CSE1L actually is a secretory protein associated with cancer metastasis, and CSE1L is more frequently detected Osimertinib manufacturer in sera of patients with metastatic cancer than with primary cancer.
Therefore, CAS may have clinical utility in metastatic cancer screening and diagnosis, and it may be a potential target for anti-metastasis therapy. Acknowledgements We thank Dr. Ching-Fong Liao, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, for supporting and cooperation in studying that presented in this article. References 1. Brenner DE, Normolle DP: Biomarkers for cancer risk, early detection, and prognosis: the validation conundrum. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007, 16:1918–1920.PubMedCrossRef 2. Zhang H, Chan DW: Cancer biomarker discovery in plasma using a tissue-targeted proteomic approach. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007, 16:1915–1917.PubMedCrossRef 3. Brinkmann U, Brinkmann E, Pastan I: Expression cloning of cDNAs that render cancer cells resistant to Pseudomonas and diphtheria toxin and immunotoxins. Mol Med 1995, 1:206–216.PubMed 4. Brinkmann U, Brinkmann E, Gallo M, Pastan I: Cloning and characterization of a cellular apoptosis susceptibility
gene, the human homologue to the yeast chromosome segregation gene CSE1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92:10427–10431.PubMedCrossRef 5. Scherf U, Pastan I, Willingham MC, Brinkmann U: The human CAS
protein which is homologous Selleck GS-9973 to the CSE1 yeast chromosome segregation gene product is associated with microtubules and mitotic spindle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93:2670–2674.PubMedCrossRef 6. Wellmann A, Krenacs L, Fest T, Scherf U, Pastan I, Raffeld M, Brinkmann U: Localization of the cell Dactolisib mw proliferation and apoptosis-associated CAS protein in lymphoid neoplasms. Am J Pathol 1997, 150:25–30.PubMed 7. Böni R, Wellmann A, Man YG, Hofbauer G, Brinkmann U: Expression of the proliferation and apoptosis-associated Orotidine 5′-phosphate decarboxylase CAS protein in benign and malignant cutaneous melanocytic lesions. Am J Dermatopathol 1999, 21:125–128.PubMedCrossRef 8. Behrens P, Brinkmann U, Wellmann A: CSE1L/CAS: its role in proliferation and apoptosis. Apoptosis 2003, 8:39–44.PubMedCrossRef 9. Behrens P, Brinkmann U, Fogt F: Implication of the proliferation and apoptosis associated CSE1L/CAS gene for breast cancer development. Anticancer Res 2001, 21:2413–2417.PubMed 10. Wellmann A, Flemming P, Behrens P, Wuppermann K, Lang H, Oldhafer K, Pastan I, Brinkmann U: High expression of the proliferation and apoptosis associated CSE1L/CAS gene in hepatitis and liver neoplasms: correlation with tumor progression. Int J Mol Med 2001, 7:489–494.PubMed 11.